notes on interfacing L298N DC Motor Driver Module with ESP32

This blog post explores the practical interfacing of the L298N DC motor driver module with the ESP32 microcontroller, focusing on a principle of motor control, including direction and speed regulation it provides a a reference on integrating the L298N module with the ESP32 for DC motor control. The L298N, a dual H-bridge driver, is designed to also control the speed and direction of two DC motors independently, leveraging the H-bridge circuit to allow bidirectional current flow. The post includes an illustrative definition of pin connections, and an Arduino IDE code example to adjust motor speed and direction.

Example

Materials

- ESP32 DevKitc

- USB cable

- Motor Driver L298N

- DC motors

- breadboard

- wires

- power source

Setup

(5V-EN jumper in place, and 5V pin used as output to power esp32)

Sketch

#define PIN_IN1 32 // ESP32 pin GPIO32 connected to the IN1 pin L298N

#define PIN_IN2 33 // ESP32 pin GPIO33 connected to the IN2 pin L298N

#define PIN_ENA 25 // ESP32 pin GPIO25 connected to the ENA pin L298N

#define PIN_IN3 27 // ESP32 pin GPIO27 connected to the IN3 pin L298N

#define PIN_IN4 14 // ESP32 pin GPIO14 connected to the IN4 pin L298N

#define PIN_ENB 26 // ESP32 pin GPIO26 connected to the ENB pin L298N

int ref_max = 100;

int ref_min = 0;

int ref_del = 1000;

int ref_tem = 5;

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

// initialize digital pins as outputs.

pinMode(PIN_IN1, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

pinMode(PIN_IN2, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

pinMode(PIN_ENA, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

pinMode(PIN_IN3, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

pinMode(PIN_IN4, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

pinMode(PIN_ENB, OUTPUT);

delay(ref_tem); //

Serial.println("setup done");

}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever

void loop() {

digitalWrite(PIN_IN1, HIGH); // control the motor's direction in clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

digitalWrite(PIN_IN2, LOW); // control the motor's direction in clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

digitalWrite(PIN_IN3, HIGH); // control the motor's direction in clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

digitalWrite(PIN_IN4, LOW); // control the motor's direction in clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

Serial.println("clockwise");

Serial.println("A");

for (int speed = ref_min; speed <= ref_max; speed++) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENA, speed); // speed up

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); // rotate at maximum speed

for (int speed = ref_max; speed >= ref_min; speed--) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENA, speed); // speed down

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); //

Serial.println("B");

for (int speed = ref_min; speed <= ref_max; speed++) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENB, speed); // speed up

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); // rotate at maximum speed

for (int speed = ref_max; speed >= ref_min; speed--) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENB, speed); // speed down

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); //

// change direction

digitalWrite(PIN_IN1, LOW); // control the motor's direction in anti-clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

digitalWrite(PIN_IN2, HIGH); // control the motor's direction in anti-clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

// change direction

digitalWrite(PIN_IN3, LOW); // control the motor's direction in anti-clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

digitalWrite(PIN_IN4, HIGH); // control the motor's direction in anti-clockwise

delay(ref_tem); //

Serial.println("anti-clockwise");

Serial.println("A");

for (int speed = ref_min; speed <= ref_max; speed++) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENA, speed); // speed up

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); // rotate at maximum speed

for (int speed = ref_max; speed >= ref_min; speed--) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENA, speed); // speed down

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); // rotate at maximum speed

Serial.println("B");

for (int speed = ref_min; speed <= ref_max; speed++) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENB, speed); // speed up

delay(ref_tem);

}

delay(ref_del); // rotate at maximum speed

for (int speed = ref_max; speed >= ref_min; speed--) {

analogWrite(PIN_ENB, speed); // speed down

delay(ref_tem);

}

Serial.println("loop");

delay(ref_del); // stop motor

}

Example